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Qué es el crowdfundig y crowdlending?

Crowdfunding, Crowdlending

Conocer más sobre vehículos de inversión

El “crowdfunding” o micromecenazgo es una fórmula de financiación apropiada para proyectos empresariales o personales incipientes o empresas de reducida dimensión en sus etapas iniciales.

Es igualmente una vía de inversión para pequeños ahorradores que persiguen la obtención de altas rentabilidades para importes reducidos o la cooperación altruista en proyectos culturales, solidarios, etc.

La participación en este tipo de inversiones suele realizarse a través de plataformas especializadas online que describen la oportunidad de inversión, los fines, importes objetivo, plazos, destinatarios, experiencia, etc. Si al finalizar el plazo establecido no se alcanzan los importes solicitados, normalmente se devuelve el dinero a los inversores.

La Asociación Española de Crowdfunding clasifica estos vehículos atendiendo a su naturaleza con la siguiente tipología:

  • Crowdfunding Recompensa: el mecenas-inversor recibe una rentabilidad como contraprestación a las aportaciones realizadas.
  • Crowdfunding Inversión: el inversor o micro-inversor recibe acciones de la empresa, una participación de la misma, o compromisos sobre beneficios de ésta como contraprestación a su aportación dineraria.
  • Crowdfunding Préstamo o Crowdlending: el prestamista-inversor recibe su préstamo junto con un tipo de interés sobre el dinero prestado como contraprestación a su aportación.
  • Crowdfunding Donación: los donantes-inversores no reciben contraprestación puesto que financian principalmente proyectos solidarios.

La oportunidad que ofrece el Crowdfunding para el inversor

Básicamente podemos identificar tres:

  1. La posibilidad de invertir en empresas no cotizadas con pequeños importes que en otro caso no sería posible por el elevado capital mínimo exigido para participar directamente en un fondo de inversión o vehículo regulado.
  2. La posibilidad de diversificar ahorros en pequeños tiques.
  3. La posibilidad de obtener rentabilidades atractivas.

Los riesgos del Crowdfunding para el inversor

Lógicamente este tipo de inversiones no reguladas ni supervisadas presentan altos riesgos, a saber:

  1. Al no estar garantizada la rentabilidad aparente.
  2. Son inversiones sin liquidez, es decir, no pueden venderse las participaciones al no existir un mercado de valores organizado para la compraventa de éstas.
  3. El plazo de inversión es largo y está sujeto a la evolución de la empresa en la que se invierte por lo que hay que asumir la más que probable posibilidad de perder el dinero.
La inversión de pequeños importes en pequeñas empresas puede resultar atractiva pero hay que asumir que tienen un alto nivel de riesgo, no están supervisadas por ninguna autoridad como puede ser la CNMV y hay que analizar y reflexionar sobre la oportunidad que nos presentan y la reputación de las plataformas que los comercializan.

Fuente: Delicias Capital

https://www.deliciascapital.com/crowdfundig-crowdlending/
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